控除 (kojo) is a tax deduction in Japan. It refers to the amounts that can be subtracted from an individual's total income to reduce their taxable income. By lowering the taxable income, tax deductions can significantly decrease the amount of tax an individual owes.

Various types of deductions are available, each designed to provide financial relief for specific circumstances. Common deductions includes those for dependents, medical expenses, social insurance premiums, and mortgage interest. For instance, the spousal deduction and dependent deduction help families reduce their tax burden by acknowledging the financial responsibilities of supporting a spouse or dependents.

To claim these deductions, taxpayers must provide the necessary documentation and meet certain eligibility criteria. Properly utilizing deductions are crucial for effective tax planning, as it can lead to substantial tax savings. Understanding and applying the appropriate deductions can help individuals manage their finances better and ensure compliance with tax regulations.

エコカー減税 (ekoka genzei), Eco-car Tax Reduction, is a Japanese government incentive designed to promote the purchase of environmentally friendly vehicles. This tax reduction aims to reduce emissions and encourage the use of low-emission vehicles by providing tax benefits to those who purchase cars that meet specific environmental standards.

There are three main types of taxes that can be reduced under this scheme: the Automobile Acquisition Tax, which is a one-time tax paid when purchasing a new vehicle; the Automobile Weight Tax, which is paid at the time of vehicle inspection; and the Automobile Tax, which is an annual tax based on the engine size of the vehicle. Eco-friendly cars that meet the criteria may receive reductions or exemptions from these taxes.

To qualify for the eco-car tax reduction, vehicles must meet specific fuel efficiency and emission standards set by the Japanese government. The standards and the amount of tax reduction can vary depending on the vehicle's performance and the year of purchase. These incentives are part of Japan's broader efforts to reduce greenhouse gas emissions and promote sustainable transportation.

扶養家族数 (fuyou kazoku suu) refers to the number of dependents a person has.

In Japan, this typically includes family members such as a spouse, children, and sometimes parents or other relatives who rely on the individual for financial support.

This number is important for tax purposes and social security benefits. For instance, the number of dependents can affect the amount of deductions an individual is eligible for, thus influencing their taxable income and overall tax liability.

When filling out tax forms or other official documents in Japan, you will often need to indicate the number of dependents to ensure accurate calculation of your financial obligations and benefits.