Japanese Business Glossary

The term 事業具体例 (jigyo gutai rei) translates to "business examples" or "specific examples of businesses." It refers to specific instances or types of businesses that illustrate a particular industry, business model, or entrepreneurial activity.

In the context of starting a business in Japan, examples include opening a retail store selling clothing, accessories, or specialty items. Another example is establishing a restaurant or café, such as a sushi restaurant, ramen shop, or coffeehouse. Additionally, launching a tech startup focused on developing software, apps, or technological solutions is a common business example. Offering consulting services in areas like finance, marketing, or management also represents a specific business type. Starting an e-commerce business to sell products domestically or internationally is another example. Engaging in the import/export business by trading goods between Japan and other countries is also a common business example.

These examples show the variety of business opportunities available. Each type of business has specific requirements, regulations, and market conditions to consider when starting up in Japan.

公開買い付け (koukai kaitsuke) refers to a "tender offer" in Japanese financial terminology. This is a public offer made by an investor, company, or group to purchase a significant number of shares from shareholders of a target company at a specified price. The offer is typically higher than the current market price to encourage shareholders to sell their shares.

Tender offers are commonly used in various scenarios such as mergers, acquisitions, and takeovers. The aim is often to gain control of the target company or consolidate a controlling interest. If the tender offer is successful, the buyer can significantly influence or outright control the target company's management and operations.

For a company to initiate a tender offer, it must disclose the details, including the offer price, the number of shares intended for purchase, and the duration of the offer period. This process is regulated to ensure transparency and fairness to all shareholders.

The term 業者 (gyosha) in Japanese refers to a business, vendor, or service provider. It is often used to describe a person or company engaged in a particular trade or industry. For example, a construction company could be referred to as a 建設業者 (kensetsu gyosha), meaning construction business or contractor. The term can be used in various contexts to describe entities involved in commercial activities.

代表権 (daihyouken) refers to "representative authority" in Japan. It is the legal power granted to an individual, typically an executive like a company president or a CEO, to act on behalf of the company. This authority includes signing contracts, making binding decisions, and conducting business transactions.

In Japanese companies, the person with daihyouken has significant responsibility and control over the company's operations. This role is often held by the 代表取締役 (daihyou torishimariyaku), which translates to "representative director." This person is officially registered and recognized as having the legal authority to represent the company in all matters.

製造業 (seizogyo) refers to the manufacturing industry in Japan. This sector encompasses a wide range of activities, including the production of goods in factories and plants. The manufacturing industry is a crucial part of Japan's economy, known for its high-quality products and advanced technology. It includes industries such as automotive, electronics, machinery, chemicals, and textiles.

The manufacturing industry in Japan is renowned for its efficiency, innovation, and strict quality control, making it a significant contributor to the country's economic growth and international trade.

為替レート (kawase reto) is the Japanese term for "exchange rate." It refers to the rate at which one currency can be exchanged for another. Exchange rates are crucial in international trade and finance because they determine how much one currency is worth in terms of another currency.

Factors that influence exchange rates include interest rates, economic stability, inflation rates, and political stability. Higher interest rates offer lenders in an economy a higher return relative to other countries, attracting foreign capital and causing the exchange rate to rise. Countries with more stable economies tend to have stronger currencies. A lower inflation rate in a country compared to other countries will increase its currency's value. Countries with less risk for political turmoil are more attractive to foreign investors.