Japanese Business Glossary

提供 (teikyō) refers to the act of offering, providing, or supplying something. This term is used in various contexts in Japan, including business, services, and media. In a business context, teikyo might involve providing goods, services, or information to customers, clients, or partners.

In media, such as television and radio, teikyo often appears in the context of sponsorships or advertisements, indicating that a particular program or segment is sponsored or provided by a specific company or organization. Overall, teikyo encompasses the concept of making something available or accessible to others.

計上 (keijō) refers to the act of recording or accounting for an item or transaction in financial statements or records. This term is commonly used in the context of business and accounting in Japan.

When a company records (keijo) a particular expense, revenue, asset, or liability, it means that the item has been officially entered into the company's books. This process ensures that all financial activities are accurately tracked and reported. For example, if a company incurs a business expense, it must record that expense to reflect it in its financial statements, affecting the overall financial position and performance of the company. Proper keijo is crucial for maintaining transparent, accurate, and compliant financial records.

租税公課 (sozei kōka) refers to taxes and public dues in Japanese. This term encompasses all types of taxes and mandatory public contributions that businesses and individuals are required to pay. It includes various forms of taxation such as income tax, corporate tax, consumption tax, property tax, and social insurance premiums.

In accounting, sozei koka is used to categorize these tax payments and public dues as expenses. These expenses are recorded in financial statements to accurately reflect the costs associated with fulfilling tax obligations. Managing and accounting for sozei koka is essential for compliance with tax laws and for maintaining transparent and accurate financial records.

差押 (sashi-osae) refers to seizure or attachment in Japanese. This term is used in legal and financial contexts to describe the act of legally confiscating assets or property. Such action is typically taken by authorities or creditors to secure payment of a debt or to enforce a court judgment.

When assets are sashi osae, it means they are taken into custody by a legal authority to satisfy an outstanding obligation. The process might involve freezing bank accounts, seizing real estate, or taking possession of other valuable property. Sashi osae is a measure used to ensure that debts are paid and legal obligations are met, and it is governed by specific laws and regulations to protect the rights of all parties involved.

公益財団法人 (kōeki zaidan hōjin) refers to a Public Interest Incorporated Foundation in Japan. This type of legal entity is established to operate for the public good, typically engaging in activities that benefit society such as education, culture, science, health, and social welfare.

Public Interest Incorporated Foundations are recognized by the Japanese government and must meet specific requirements to maintain their status. These foundations often receive favorable tax treatment due to their public interest activities. They are required to be transparent in their operations, regularly reporting their activities and financial status to ensure they are serving the public interest as intended.

徴収 (chōshū) refers to the act of collecting or levying taxes, fees, or other payments. This term is commonly used in the context of government and public administration in Japan.

For example, when the government collects income tax from individuals or businesses, this process is called choshu. It can also apply to the collection of social insurance premiums, utility bills, or any mandatory fees. The entity responsible for collection ensures that the payments are made according to the relevant laws and regulations, and it may involve various methods such as direct billing, automatic deductions, or other forms of payment collection.