Japanese Business Glossary

相互 (sogo) means "mutual" or "reciprocal" in Japanese. It is used to describe interactions, relationships, or actions that involve mutual exchange or cooperation between two or more parties.

For example, in a business context, 相互 benefits (sogo no rieki) would refer to benefits that are shared and advantageous for all parties involved. Similarly, 相互理解 (sogo rikai) means mutual understanding, emphasizing that both sides understand each other's perspectives and needs. The concept of sogo is fundamental in fostering cooperative and collaborative relationships.

配達証明 (haitatsu shomei) refers to "delivery confirmation" or "delivery certificate" in Japanese. It is a postal service that provides proof that a mail item or package has been delivered to the recipient.

When using haitatsu shomei, the sender receives a certificate from the postal service confirming the delivery, which includes details such as the date and time of delivery. This service is often used for important documents or items where proof of delivery is required, such as legal documents, contracts, or valuable items.

酒豪 (shugo) refers to a "heavy drinker" or "someone who can hold their liquor well" in Japanese. This term describes a person who can consume a large amount of alcohol without becoming easily intoxicated.

In a social context, being called a shugo can imply that the person is admired for their drinking ability. However, it can also carry a negative connotation if it suggests excessive or problematic drinking habits.

政党 (seito) means "political party" in Japanese. A seito is an organized group of people who share similar political beliefs, ideologies, and goals, and who come together to participate in elections and influence government policies.

Political parties play a key role in democratic systems by nominating candidates for public office, shaping public policy, and representing the interests of their members and supporters. Examples of major political parties in Japan include the Liberal Democratic Party (LDP) and the Constitutional Democratic Party (CDP).

筆耕 (hikko) refers to the professional service of handwriting documents, certificates, invitations, or other formal papers. The term literally translates to "brush cultivation" and originates from the traditional use of a brush (筆) in calligraphy (書道, shodo).

In historical and modern contexts, hikko involves creating beautifully written and often personalized documents, adding a touch of elegance and formality that printed text may lack. This service is especially valued for special occasions such as weddings, graduations, and other ceremonies where high-quality, handwritten documents are appreciated.

血族 (ketsuzoku) means "blood relatives" or "blood kin" in Japanese. It refers to individuals who are related by blood, sharing a common ancestry. This term encompasses immediate family members like parents, siblings, and children, as well as extended family members such as grandparents, aunts, uncles, and cousins.

Ketsuzoku is often used in legal contexts to define family relationships for matters related to inheritance, family law, and other legal rights and obligations. It emphasizes the biological connections between family members.