趣旨 (shushi) refers to the main purpose, intent, or gist of a statement, document, or action. In various contexts, it conveys the underlying rationale or primary objective behind an activity, plan, or communication.

Understanding the shushi is crucial for grasping the core message and aligning efforts with the intended goals. For instance, in a business meeting, clarifying the shushi of a proposal ensures that all participants comprehend its fundamental aim and can discuss it effectively. Similarly, in written documents, stating the shushi helps readers quickly identify the document's main point or purpose. This focus on shushi reflects the importance of clear and purposeful communication in Japanese culture, facilitating mutual understanding and efficient collaboration.

障害 (shougai) means "disability" or "impairment" in Japanese. It refers to any condition that limits a person's physical, mental, or sensory functions, impacting their daily activities and participation in society.

Shougai can be congenital, acquired through illness or injury, or result from aging. In Japan, the term encompasses a wide range of conditions, from physical disabilities such as mobility impairments to intellectual, developmental, and mental health disorders.

The Japanese government and various organizations provide support and services to individuals with shougai, aiming to promote inclusion, accessibility, and equal opportunities. This includes financial assistance, employment support, education, and rehabilitation programs. The goal is to enable people with disabilities to lead fulfilling lives and participate fully in society.

養育費 (youikuhi) refers to "child support" or "child maintenance" in English. It is the financial support provided by a parent for the upbringing and care of their child or children, usually following a separation or divorce. This support covers expenses related to the child's basic needs, including food, clothing, education, and healthcare. The amount and terms of youikuhi are often determined by legal agreements or court orders to ensure the child's well-being and proper development.

介護 2 (kaigo 2) refers to Level 2 in Japan's long-term care insurance system, which assesses the care needs of elderly individuals. The system categorizes care needs into seven levels, ranging from "Support Level 1" to "Care Level 5," with higher numbers indicating a greater need for assistance.

Level 2, or 介護 2, indicates a moderate need for care. Individuals at this level require significant assistance with daily activities such as bathing, dressing, eating, and mobility. They may also need support with managing their household and participating in social activities. This level ensures that they receive appropriate care services, such as home visits by care workers, day care, and short-stay services, to help them live as independently as possible.

名義人 (meiginin) refers to the "holder" or "registrant" of a name. In a financial or legal context, it typically means the "account holder" or "registered owner." This term is used to identify the person whose name is officially associated with a bank account, property, or other legal documents.

For example, in the context of a bank account, the meiginin is the person whose name appears on the account and who has the legal rights and responsibilities associated with that account. In property ownership, the meiginin is the person whose name is registered as the owner of the property.

参考文献 (sanko bunken) refers to "references" or "bibliography" in English. This term is used in academic and research contexts to describe the list of sources that have been cited or consulted in the creation of a document, paper, or book.

A sanko bunken typically includes detailed information about each source, such as the author's name, title of the work, publication date, and publisher. This allows readers to locate the original sources and verify the information. Including a comprehensive sanko bunken is important for acknowledging the work of other researchers, avoiding plagiarism, and providing a foundation for further study.