傘下子会社 (sanka kogaisha) is a Japanese term that translates to "subsidiary company" or "subordinate subsidiary." It refers to a company that is controlled or owned by another company, known as the parent company or holding company.

The parent company holds a significant portion of the subsidiary's shares, typically more than 50%, giving it controlling interest and the ability to influence or direct the subsidiary's operations and management.

Sanka kogaisha operates as a separate legal entity but aligns with the strategic goals and objectives set by the parent company. This relationship allows the parent company to diversify its business activities, manage risks, and expand its market presence through its subsidiaries.

売価 (baika) is a Japanese term that translates to "selling price" or "sale price." It refers to the price at which a product or service is offered for sale to customers.

Baika is determined by various factors, including production costs, market demand, competition, and desired profit margins. It is a critical element in retail, marketing, and business strategies, as it directly affects sales volume, revenue, and profitability.

Setting an appropriate baika requires careful consideration of both the costs involved in producing or acquiring the goods and the price that customers are willing to pay.

円建て (yendate) is a Japanese term that translates to "denominated in yen" or "yen-denominated." It refers to financial instruments, transactions, or assets that are valued and settled in Japanese yen (JPY).

For example, a yen-denominated bond (円建て債券) is a bond issued in yen, meaning that both the principal and interest payments are made in yen. Similarly, yen-denominated accounts or contracts specify that all financial dealings are conducted in yen.

Using yendate is common for businesses and investors involved in the Japanese market or for those seeking to manage currency risk associated with fluctuations in the value of the yen.

金融商品 (kinyu shohin) is a Japanese term that translates to "financial products" or "financial instruments." It refers to various types of investments and financial contracts that are traded in financial markets.

These products include stocks, bonds, mutual funds, derivatives (such as options and futures), insurance policies, and other investment vehicles. Kinyu shohin are designed to meet the needs of investors and companies by providing opportunities for income generation, capital appreciation, risk management, and liquidity.

摘要 (tekiyou) is a Japanese term that translates to "summary" or "abstract." It refers to a concise overview or brief of the main points and key information from a larger document, report, or study.

In academic, business, and professional contexts, tekiyou is used to provide readers with a quick understanding of the essential content without needing to read the entire text. This is particularly useful for decision-makers, researchers, or anyone who needs to grasp the core message efficiently. Writing a clear and accurate tekiyou is important as it helps convey the main ideas and findings succinctly, aiding in effective communication and understanding.

売引買引 (baihiki kaihiki) is a Japanese term that translates to "discounted purchase and sale." This term is commonly used in financial and commercial contexts to refer to transactions where goods or securities are bought and sold at discounted prices.

In business, baihiki kaihiki can be part of strategies to manage inventory, cash flow, or investment portfolios. For example, companies may offer discounts to quickly sell off excess stock or to incentivize early payment from customers. In financial markets, this can involve buying or selling securities at prices lower than their face value.