独占禁止法 (dokusen kinshi ho) refers to the "Antimonopoly Act" or "Antitrust Law" in English. This is a set of laws in Japan designed to prevent monopolistic practices and promote fair competition in the market.

The Antimonopoly Act prohibits activities such as monopolization, cartels, and unfair trade practices that restrict competition. It is enforced by the Japan Fair Trade Commission (JFTC), which investigates and takes action against companies that violate the law. The goal of dokusen kinshi ho is to ensure a competitive market environment, protect consumer interests, and encourage innovation and efficiency within the economy.

自社 (jisha) refers to "one's own company" or "one's own firm" in English. It is used to denote the company that a person belongs to, works for, or represents.

For example, if an employee is discussing their company, they might use jisha to distinguish their company from other companies. It emphasizes ownership or affiliation with the specific company they are associated with.

卸値 (oroshine) refers to wholesale price. This is the price at which goods are sold in large quantities by manufacturers or distributors to retailers or other businesses, rather than directly to consumers. The wholesale price is typically lower than the retail price, allowing retailers to add a markup and make a profit when they sell the goods to end consumers. Wholesale pricing is an important aspect of supply chain management and helps in determining the cost structure and profitability of products for businesses.

累積 (ruiseki) refers to "cumulative" or "accumulation" in English. It describes the process of gathering or accumulating something over time. This term is often used in various contexts such as finance, statistics, and data analysis to describe the total sum or aggregate of values added together progressively.

For example, in financial statements, ruiseki can refer to cumulative earnings or losses over a period of time. In data analysis, it can describe the cumulative total of data points as they are added together. The concept emphasizes the ongoing addition and accumulation of values to reach a total figure.

償還 (shokan) refers to "repayment" or "redemption" in English. This term is commonly used in finance to describe the process of paying back a loan or debt. It can also refer to the redemption of bonds or other securities when they reach maturity.

For instance, in the context of a loan, shokan would involve making scheduled payments to reduce the principal and interest owed. In the case of bonds, it involves the issuer repaying the bondholders the face value of the bonds when they mature.

FX取引 (FX torihiki) refers to "foreign exchange trading" or "forex trading" in English. This involves the buying and selling of currencies with the aim of making a profit from fluctuations in exchange rates.

In FX torihiki, traders engage in currency pairs, such as USD/JPY or EUR/USD, speculating on whether one currency will rise or fall in value relative to another. The forex market is the largest and most liquid financial market in the world, operating 24 hours a day during the trading week. FX torihiki can be conducted through various platforms and brokers, and it is popular among both individual and institutional investors.