Japanese Business Glossary

債権債務 (saiken saimu) refers to "claims and debts" or "credits and liabilities" in English. It encompasses the legal rights and obligations between parties in a financial context.

"債権" (saiken) means "claim" or "credit," representing the right of one party to receive payment or performance from another party.

"債務" (saimu) means "debt" or "liability," representing the obligation of one party to pay or perform for the benefit of another party.

These terms are commonly used in financial statements, contracts, and legal documents to describe the financial relationships and obligations between entities.

養育費 (youikuhi) refers to "child support" or "child maintenance" in English. It is the financial support provided by a parent for the upbringing and care of their child or children, usually following a separation or divorce. This support covers expenses related to the child's basic needs, including food, clothing, education, and healthcare. The amount and terms of youikuhi are often determined by legal agreements or court orders to ensure the child's well-being and proper development.

住宅手当 (jutaku teate) refers to "housing allowance" in English. It is a financial benefit provided by an employer to help cover an employee's housing costs. This allowance can be used to pay for rent, mortgage payments, or other housing-related expenses. The amount and eligibility for jutaku teate vary depending on the company's policies and the employee's position. This benefit is common in Japan, especially in companies that want to support their employees' living conditions and reduce their financial burden.

雇用保険証 (koyo hokensho) refers to an "employment insurance certificate" in English. It is a document issued to employees in Japan who are enrolled in the national employment insurance system. This certificate serves as proof of enrollment and provides information about the employee's insurance status.

Employment insurance in Japan offers various benefits, including unemployment benefits, allowances for job training, and support for those who lose their jobs. The koyo hokensho is an important document for accessing these benefits and ensuring that employees receive the support they are entitled to under the employment insurance system.

介護 2 (kaigo 2) refers to Level 2 in Japan's long-term care insurance system, which assesses the care needs of elderly individuals. The system categorizes care needs into seven levels, ranging from "Support Level 1" to "Care Level 5," with higher numbers indicating a greater need for assistance.

Level 2, or 介護 2, indicates a moderate need for care. Individuals at this level require significant assistance with daily activities such as bathing, dressing, eating, and mobility. They may also need support with managing their household and participating in social activities. This level ensures that they receive appropriate care services, such as home visits by care workers, day care, and short-stay services, to help them live as independently as possible.

補助金 (hojokin) refers to a "subsidy" or "grant" in English. It is financial assistance provided by the government or other organizations to support specific activities, projects, or industries. These subsidies are often aimed at promoting economic growth, encouraging innovation, supporting small and medium-sized enterprises (SMEs), or addressing social issues.

Hojokin can be used for various purposes, including research and development, environmental protection, education, and infrastructure projects. Recipients of hojokin are typically required to meet certain criteria and use the funds for the designated purposes as outlined in the subsidy agreement.