Japanese Business Glossary

要請 (yosei) means "request" or "demand" in Japanese. It refers to the act of asking for something formally or earnestly. This term is often used in official, professional, or formal contexts where an individual, organization, or government entity makes a request for assistance, action, or information from another party. For example, a government may issue a yosei for emergency aid during a natural disaster, or a company might send a yosei to a supplier for additional materials.

間口 (maguchi) means "frontage" or "width" in Japanese. It refers to the width of a property or building facing the street or main entrance. This measurement is an important aspect in real estate and urban planning as it determines the accessibility, visibility, and overall appeal of the property. For example, a property with a wide maguchi might be more desirable for commercial purposes because it can attract more customers and allow for better display of goods. In residential contexts, maguchi can affect the layout and design of a home, including the placement of windows, doors, and driveways. Understanding maguchi helps in evaluating the potential and value of a property.

集合住宅 (shugo jutaku) means "apartment complex" or "multi-family housing" in Japanese. It refers to residential buildings designed to house multiple families or individuals in separate units within the same structure. These complexes often include shared facilities such as elevators, hallways, and sometimes amenities like parking areas, gardens, or recreational spaces. Shugo jutaku is common in urban areas where space is limited, offering a practical solution for accommodating a large number of residents efficiently. The design and management of shugo jutaku focus on optimizing space, providing convenience, and fostering a community environment among the residents.

資格 (shikaku) means "qualification" or "certification" in Japanese. It refers to the credentials or official recognition that an individual has met certain standards or requirements in a specific field or profession. Shikaku can be obtained through education, training, and passing examinations, and it validates a person's skills, knowledge, and competence in their area of expertise. For example, having a teaching shikaku means that a person is certified to teach, while a medical shikaku indicates that a person is qualified to practice medicine.

福利 (fukuri) means "welfare" or "benefits" in Japanese. It refers to the various forms of support and services provided to individuals to ensure their well-being and improve their quality of life. In a corporate context, fukuri typically includes employee benefits such as health insurance, retirement plans, paid leave, and other perks designed to support workers' physical, mental, and financial health. In a broader social context, fukuri can also encompass public welfare programs provided by the government, such as social security, healthcare, unemployment benefits, and housing assistance. The aim of fukuri is to create a supportive environment that enhances the overall well-being and security of individuals.

取引 (torihiki) means "transaction" or "deal" in Japanese. It refers to the act of conducting business or trading goods, services, or financial instruments between two or more parties. This term is commonly used in various contexts, such as commercial transactions, financial markets, and everyday business dealings. A torihiki can involve buying, selling, exchanging, or negotiating terms to reach an agreement. The process typically includes discussions, negotiations, and the fulfillment of agreed-upon terms. Effective torihiki is essential for building trust, maintaining good business relationships, and ensuring the smooth operation of commerce and trade.