Japanese Business Glossary

加味 (kami) means "consideration" or "addition" in Japanese. It refers to the process of taking additional factors or elements into account when making a decision or evaluation. This term is often used in contexts where a comprehensive assessment is needed, incorporating various aspects that might influence the outcome. For example, in decision-making, kami might involve considering market trends, customer feedback, and financial data to make a well-informed business choice. In cooking, it could mean adding spices or ingredients to enhance the flavor of a dish. Overall, kami emphasizes the importance of incorporating diverse elements to achieve a more balanced and informed result.

訪問入浴 (homon nyuyoku) means "home-visit bathing" in Japanese. It refers to a service provided to individuals who have difficulty bathing on their own due to age, illness, or disability. Professional caregivers or healthcare workers visit the person's home with portable bathing equipment. They assist the individual with bathing in a safe and comfortable manner. This service is especially important for maintaining hygiene and dignity for those who are bedridden or have limited mobility. Homon nyuyoku ensures that individuals receive necessary care in the comfort of their own home, enhancing their quality of life and overall well-being.

家賃 (yachin) means "rent" in Japanese. It refers to the payment made by a tenant to a landlord for the use of property, typically on a monthly basis. This term is commonly used in the context of renting residential properties, such as apartments or houses. The amount of yachin is usually determined by the location, size, and condition of the property. Paying yachin on time is a key responsibility of tenants as stipulated in rental agreements. The concept of yachin is an essential part of living arrangements for many people, reflecting the cost of securing a place to live.

超過 (choka) means "excess" or "overage" in Japanese. It refers to the amount by which something exceeds a certain limit or standard. This term is often used in various contexts such as finance, where it might describe expenses that go beyond the budget, or in transportation, where it could refer to luggage that exceeds weight restrictions. For example, 超過料金 (choka ryokin) means "excess fee" and is charged for surpassing a predetermined limit. The concept of choka highlights situations where established boundaries are exceeded, necessitating adjustments or additional charges to account for the overage.

業種 (gyoshu) means "industry" or "type of business" in Japanese. It refers to the classification of businesses or economic activities based on the nature of their operations or the products and services they provide. Examples of gyoshu include manufacturing, retail, finance, healthcare, and information technology. Identifying the gyoshu of a company is important for various purposes such as market analysis, regulatory compliance, and economic reporting. Understanding the specific gyoshu helps in assessing industry trends, competition, and business strategies relevant to that sector. It provides a framework for organizing and analyzing economic activities within a specific field.

決算書 (kessansho) means "financial statement" in Japanese. It refers to the official documents that summarize the financial activities and condition of a business over a specific period, usually a fiscal year. A kessansho typically includes the balance sheet, income statement, and cash flow statement. These documents provide detailed information about a company's assets, liabilities, revenues, expenses, and cash flows, offering insights into its financial health and performance. Preparing and presenting kessansho is essential for compliance with regulatory requirements, informing stakeholders, and making strategic business decisions. It ensures transparency and accountability in financial reporting.